A fiber optic lub thawv, suav nrog ob leegfiber optic box sab nraum zoovthiabfiber optic box sab hauvqauv, transforms lub teeb liab los ntawmfiber ntau optic cable boxkev sib txuas rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv digital rau kev siv internet. Tsis zoo li cov khoom siv niaj hnub, uas ua cov teeb liab hluav taws xob, fiber ntau optic thev naus laus zis muab kev sib luag nrawm txog 25 Gbps,qis latency, thiab tshwj xeeb kev cia siab.Fiber optic pigtail sib txuasntxiv txo kev cuam tshuam thiab congestion, ua fiber ntau qhov kev xaiv rau niaj hnub, high-speed internet.
Ntsiab Cai
- Fiber optic thawvsiv cov teeb liab teeb pom kev zoo kom xa ultra-ceev, txhim khu kev qha internet nrog ceev mus txog 25 Gbps, deb tshaj li cov qauv siv hluav taws xob uas tso siab rau cov teeb liab hluav taws xob thiab muab qis dua.
- Modems hloov cov ntaub ntawv digital rau hauv cov teeb liab tsim nyog rau cov kab tooj liab lossis kab hluav taws xob, ua kom muaj kev nkag tau hauv internet tab sis muaj kev txwv hauv kev ceev, nrug, thiab latency piv raufiber ntau optic technology.
- Xaiv cov thawv fiber ntau ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo dua, txo qis kev ua haujlwm, thiab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj yav tom ntej, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau cov tsev thiab cov lag luam nrhiav kev ua haujlwm siab thiab ua kom muaj zog.
Fiber Optic Box: Nws yog dab tsi thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas
Txhais thiab Main Function
A fiber optic lub thawvua lub hauv paus hub rau kev tswj thiab tiv thaiv fiber ntau optic cables nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si nyob thiab kev lag luam tes hauj lwm. Cov cuab yeej no npaj cov kev sib txuas ntawm cable, tiv thaiv cov fibers los ntawm ib puag ncig thiab kev puas tsuaj, thiab ua kom ruaj khov, cov ntaub ntawv ceev ceev. Niaj hnub nimno fiber optic thawv sivfast connectors thiab hardened adapterskom txo cov teeb liab poob thiab muab kev sib txuas ceev, txhim khu kev qha. Ntau tus qauv muaj qhov ntsuas IP68 tsis muaj dej tsis muaj dej, uas lav kev ua haujlwm ntev hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav. Cov thawv no kuj txhawb nqa lub network scalability, tso cai rau kev nthuav dav yooj yim raws li kev xav tau hauv internet loj hlob. Optical splitters hauv lub thawv faib cov khoom xa tuaj, ua rau ib kab fiber ntau los pab ntau tus neeg siv lossis cov khoom siv tau zoo. Fiber optic phab ntsa qhov hluav taws xob, feem ntau ua ke nrog cov thawv no, txuas ncaj qha rau cov neeg siv khoom siv thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv ceev ceev nrog kev cuam tshuam tsawg.
Lus Cim: Fiber optic thawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txuas lus pov thawj yav tom ntej, ua rau lawv qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntseeg siab, kev siv internet ceev hauv tsev, kev lag luam, thiab chaw lag luam.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Fiber Optic Box Hloov Cov Teeb Pom Kev
Lub thawv fiber ntau ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tswj hwm kev hloov pauv thiab kev faib tawm ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo uas nqa cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm fibers optical. Thaum kawg, cov khoom siv xws li LEDs lossis laser diodes tsim lub teeb pulses los ntawm cov teeb liab hluav taws xob. Cov pulses no taug kev los ntawm fiber ntau, coj los ntawm tag nrho cov kev xav sab hauv, uas ua rau cov teeb liab poob qis heev. Thaum lub teeb mus txog lub thawv fiber ntau optic, photodiodes hloov lub teeb rov qab rau hauv hluav taws xob teeb liab siv los ntawm routers lossis lwm yam khoom siv hauv network. Amplifiers nyob rau hauv lub kaw lus tswj lub teeb liab lub zog nyob rau hauv qhov kev ncua deb, txhawb cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob nyob rau hauv kaum los yog ntau pua kilometers. Multiplexing technologies, xws li wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), tso cai rau ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntws mus rau ib txhij ntawm cov wavelengths sib txawv, ua rau muaj kev nce bandwidth thiab kev sib txuas ceev. Cov kev sim teb tau pom tias cov tshuab no tuaj yeem xa cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua 150 mais siv ntau lub wavelengths, qhia txog kev ua tau zoo ntawmfiber optic thawvnyob rau hauv kev txhawb nqa high-ceev, txhim khu kev qha internet kev twb kev txuas.
Modem: Lub Hom Phiaj thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm
Txhais thiab Main Function
Lub modem, luv luv rau modulator-demodulator, ua raws li cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txuas hauv internet niaj hnub. Nws hloov cov ntaub ntawv digital los ntawm cov khoos phis tawj lossis routers rau hauv cov teeb liab analog uas tuaj yeem taug kev hla cov xov tooj ib txwm muaj. Thaum cov ntaub ntawv tuaj txog hauv Is Taws Nem, lub modem thim rov qab cov txheej txheem no, hloov cov cim analog rov qab rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv digital rau kev siv los ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas. Thaum ntxov modems ua haujlwm ntawm qhov nrawm heev, xws li 300 khoom ib ob, tab sis thev naus laus zis tau nce siab heev. Niaj hnub no broadband modems tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov nrawm hauv ntau pua megabits ib ob. Nyob rau hauv, lub modem muaj ib tug maub los, digital-rau-analog thiab analog-rau-digital converters, thiab cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus. Ntau hom modems muaj nyob, suav nrog hu xov tooj, xauj-line, broadband, thiab software-based qauv. Txhua hom ua haujlwm rau cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb hauv network thiab nruab nrab ntawm lub cev.
Modemstseem ceeb heev rau kev sib txuas hauv tsev thiab kev lag luam rau hauv internet, hloov cov ntaub ntawv tawm tswv yim rau kev sib raug zoo nrog ntau hom kev pabcuam.
- Modems txuas qhov sib txawv ntawm lub network hauv zos thiab hauv internet los ntawm kev txhais cov teeb liab los ntawm lub chaw muab kev pabcuam hauv internet (ISP) rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas siv tau.
- Lawv txhawb nqa lub cev sib txawv, xws li DSL, cable, lossis fiber ntau, ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo dav.
- Modems pab kom nkag mus rau hauv internet ncaj qha los ntawm kev txuas tus neeg siv qhov chaw mus rau ISP cov txheej txheem.
- Ntau cov modems niaj hnub ua ke nrog cov routers, muab kev tswj xyuas network thiab kev ruaj ntseg nta.
- Combined modem-router li yooj yim installation thiab txhim kho kev ntseeg siab rau cov neeg siv.
- Yog tsis muaj modem, kev nkag ncaj qha rau hauv is taws nem tsis tuaj yeem ua tau.
Yuav ua li cas lub Modem ua cov teeb liab hluav taws xob
| Yam | Modulator (Modulator-Demodulator) | Fiber Optic Boxes (Transmitters thiab Receivers) |
|---|---|---|
| Teeb liab ua haujlwm | Modulation thiab demodulation ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob cov teeb liab rau hauv cov teeb liab tsim nyog rau kev tshaj tawm hluav taws xob. | Transmitters hloov hluav taws xob cov teeb liab mus rau hauv cov teeb liab modulated; receivers converts optical signals rov qab mus rau hluav taws xob signals. |
| Modulation Method | Hluav taws xob teeb liab modulation / demodulation (xws li, amplitude los yog zaus hloov kho). | Electro-optical transduction: modulation ntawm lub teeb siv siv LEDs lossis laser diodes; optical-hluav taws xob hloov dua siab tshiab siv photodiodes. |
| Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb | Modulator thiab demodulator circuits tuav cov teeb liab hluav taws xob. | Transmitter: LEDs lossis laser diodes modulated los ntawm hluav taws xob teeb liab; Tus txais: photodiodes (PIN los yog APD), kev tsis ncaj ncees resistors, tsis tshua muaj suab nrov pre-amplifiers. |
| Teeb liab nruab nrab | Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas (piv txwv li, tooj liab xov hlau). | Optical fiber cables nqa cov teeb liab modulated. |
| Modulation yam ntxwv | Modulates hluav taws xob cov cab kuj nthwv dej los sawv cev cov ntaub ntawv digital (0′s thiab 1′s). | Modulates lub teeb siv los sawv cev cov ntaub ntawv digital; LEDs muab cov lus teb rau lub zog tam sim no, laser diodes muab lub zog ntau dua thiab nrawm tab sis nrog cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo. |
| Keeb kwm/Design Notes | Cov cuab yeej txheem ua tau zoo ua haujlwm / demodulation. | Thaum ntxov transmitters yog kev cai tsim; tam sim no hybrid modules nrog integrated circuits thiab optical diodes; tsim complexity nce nrog cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi. |
Cov lus no qhia txog cov kev sib txawv ntawm qhov modems thiab fiber optic thawv ua cov cim qhia li cas. Modems tsom rau cov teeb liab hluav taws xob thiab cov xov tooj tooj liab, thaum lub thawv fiber ntau optic tuav lub teeb liab thiab cov fibers kho qhov muag.
Fiber Optic Box vs Modem: Qhov txawv tseem ceeb
Technology thiab teeb liab hom
Fiber optic thawv thiab modems vam khom rau cov thev naus laus zis sib txawv los xa cov ntaub ntawv. Lub thawv fiber optic tswj thiab teeb tsa cov fiber ntau cables, ua kom muaj kev sib txuas ruaj khov thiab tsis tshua muaj teeb liab. Nws tsis hloov cov teeb liab tab sis hloov ua qhov chaw faib khoom rau lub teeb pulses taug kev los ntawm iav lossis yas fibers. Hauv qhov sib piv, lub modem ua haujlwm ua tus choj ntawm cov khoom siv digital thiab kis nruab nrab. Nws hloov cov teeb liab hluav taws xob digital los ntawm khoos phis tawj lossis routers rau hauv analog lossis optical signals, nyob ntawm hom network.
Fiber optic technology siv lub teeb pom kev zoo tsim los ntawm LEDs lossis laser diodes. Cov pulses lub teeb no taug kev los ntawm cov fibers nyias, muab siab bandwidth thiab tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam electromagnetic. Modems, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tsim rau fiber ntau tes hauj lwm, tswj kev hloov ntawm hluav taws xob thiab kho qhov muag teeb liab. Lawv siv cov txheej txheem kev hloov pauv los hloov cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lub teeb lossis hluav taws xob nqa khoom. Ntau hom modem, xws liE1, V35, RS232, RS422, thiab RS485, txhawb ntau yam ntaub ntawv tus nqi thiab nyob deb, ua rau lawv haum rau ntau yam kev siv network.
Fiber optic thawv feem ntau tswj cable infrastructure, thaum modems ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov teeb liab hloov dua siab tshiab. Qhov kev sib txawv no ua rau lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv cov tes hauj lwm niaj hnub no.
Ceev thiab ua haujlwm
Kev ceev thiab kev ua tau zoo sawv cev rau qhov sib txawv loj ntawm cov thawv fiber ntau optic thiab cov khoom siv niaj hnub. Fiber optic thawv txhawb kev xa cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov ceev heev, feem ntau ncav cuag 25 Gbps lossis ntau dua. Kev siv lub teeb pulses tso cai rau kev hloov pauv cov ntaub ntawv ceev, ib txhij nrog cov latency tsawg heev. Fiber optic cables tuaj yeem nqa ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntws siv thev naus laus zis xws li wavelength division multiplexing, uas ua rau muaj peev xwm ntxiv.
Modems, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas siv tooj liab xov hlau, fim txwv nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si ceev thiab nyob deb. Cov teeb liab hluav taws xob degrade dhau qhov deb, ua rau qis bandwidth thiab siab dua latency. Txawm hais tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws tsis tshua muaj qhov sib luag ntawm qhov sib luag thiab rub tawm nrawm los ntawm fiber ntau optic systems. Fiber optic thawv, xws li cov khoom muab los ntawm Dowell, pab kom cov lag luam thiab tsev nkag tauultra-ceev internet kev twb kev txuasuas txhawb nqa streaming, gaming, thiab huab thov tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.
| Feature | Fiber Optic Box | Modem (Copper / Cable) |
|---|---|---|
| Hom teeb liab | Lub teeb pulses | Hluav taws xob teeb liab |
| Max Ceev | Mus txog 25 Gbps + | Mus txog 1 Gbps (zoo) |
| Latency | Tsawg heev | Nruab nrab mus rau siab |
| Nyob deb | 100+ km | Limited (ntau km) |
| Bandwidth | Siab heev | Nruab nrab |
Kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ntseeg siab
Kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ntseeg tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab kev tsim kho hauv network. Fiber optic thawv muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv electromagnetic cuam tshuam, uas ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo ib yam txawm tias nyob hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj suab nrov hluav taws xob. Lub cev muaj zog ntawm fiber ntau optic cables ua rau lawv nyuaj rau kais yam tsis muaj kev tshawb pom, txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv kev ruaj ntseg. Fiber optic systems kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam tsawg dua thiab xav tau kev saib xyuas tsawg dua piv rau cov tes hauj lwm tooj liab.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim kho vajtse ntawm cov thawv fiber ntau tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob cuam tshuam (EMI), tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev lossis hauv tsev. Qhov EMI no tuaj yeem hla txoj hlua tooj liab thiab cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rhiab heev. Cov tuam txhab xws li Dowell hais txog cov kev txhawj xeeb no los ntawm kev tsim cov thawv fiber ntau nrog kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv thiab kev tsim kho, txo EMI emissions thiab txhim kho kev ntseeg tau tag nrho.
Modems, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas muaj cov yam ntxwv siab, tso cai rau cov neeg siv los tswj cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (EMF) emissions. Qee cov qauv ua rau cov neeg siv cuam tshuam Wi-Fi lossis siv cov routers qis EMF, uas tuaj yeem txo cov xov tooj cua zaus hauv tsev. Thaum cable modems tuaj yeem muab ntau tus neeg siv kev tswj hwm EMF, lawv tsis tuaj yeem ua raws li kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ntseeg tau zoo ntawm fiber ntau optic technology.
Tswv yim: Rau cov neeg siv nrhiav qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ntseeg siab, fiber ntau optic thawv los ntawm cov tuam txhab muaj koob npe zoo li Dowell muab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj yav tom ntej rau ob qho tib si hauv tsev thiab kev lag luam.
Fiber Optic Box thiab Modem hauv Tsev thiab Chaw Lag Luam
Hom Kev Sib Txuas Hauv Tsev Hauv Tsev
Cov tes hauj lwm hauv tsev niaj hnub no feem ntau tso siab rau cov kev tsim kho tshiab kom xa cov internet ceev, txhim khu kev qha rau txhua chav. Ntau tsev neeg sivfiber optic cables, xws li PureFiber PRO, kom ua tiav lub modem nrawm thoob plaws hauv tsev. Txoj hauv kev no tshem tawm kev lag luam thiab kev poob qis uas feem ntau tshwm sim nrog CAT cables ib txwm muaj. Cov neeg nyob niaj hnub nruab 4-chaw nres nkoj fiber ntau rau Ethernet adapters nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob, tso cai rau ntau yam khoom siv-xws li Smart TVs, gaming consoles, VOIP xov tooj, thiab WiFi nkag mus rau tib lub sijhawm. Qee lub tsev daisy-chain cov adapters no hauv lub txee hluav taws xob, tsim kom muaj ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj hloov pauv rau yav tom ntej nthuav dav.
Network designers feem ntau siv MPO rau LC fiber ntau breakout pigtails, uas muab ob peb ywj siab fiber ntau sib txuas rau cable. Qhov kev teeb tsa no tso cai rau cov tes hauj lwm sib txawv rau lub hom phiaj sib txawv, xws li kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev, ntse hauv tsev automation, lossis kev saib xyuas menyuam yaus nyab xeeb. Cov khoom siv nrog SFP slots thiab HDMI 2.1 kev txhawb nqa tuaj yeem txuas ncaj qha, ua kom tsis muaj kev sib txuas 4K lossis 8K video streaming. Cov tswv tsev tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev teeb tsa plug-and-play, hloov pauv cov phiaj xwm phab ntsa, thiab hloov kho kom yooj yim cable. Cov yam ntxwv no ua kom muaj bandwidth siab, tsis muaj kev lag luam, thiab kev pov thawj yav tom ntej rau kev hloov pauv cov kev xav tau digital.
Kev xav txog kev lag luam Network
Cov lag luam yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg, scalable, thiab ruaj ntseg network infrastructures. Cov koom haum feem ntau xa cov khoom siv kho qhov muag (ONTs) los hloov cov teeb liab kho qhov muag rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob siv rau hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm sib txuas. ONTs feem ntau muaj ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj Ethernet ceev, kev txhawb nqa rau VoIP, thiab kev ruaj ntseg zoo li AES encryption. Cov tuam txhab txuas ONTs mus rau high-ceev routers thiab Gigabit keyboards, faib internet nkag mus rau hauv lub department thiab pab kiag li lawm.
Ib lub rooj hauv qab no qhia txog kev sib koom ua ke:
| Yam | Fiber Optic Boxes(ONTs) | Modems |
|---|---|---|
| Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb | Optical-rau-hluav taws xob conversion | DSL / cable teeb liab conversion |
| Kev Ua Raws Cai | GPON, XGS-PON | DSL / cable qauv |
| Port Configuration | Ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj siab Ethernet | Ethernet chaw nres nkoj |
| Kev ruaj ntseg nta | AES encryption, authentication | Basic, txawv ntawm tus qauv |
| Nta ntxiv | Roj teeb thaub qab, VoIP, wireless LAN | Basic teeb liab conversion |
Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb qhia tau tias cov koom haum xws li Eurotransplant txo tag nrho cov nqi ntawm cov tswv cuab los ntawm 40% siv fiber optic daws rau lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb cov ntaub ntawv chaw. Cov chaw muab kev pabcuam, xws li Netomnia, tau tsim cov kev sib txuas uas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa 800G kev loj hlob nrog cov tshuab fiber ntau optic siab heev. Cov piv txwv no qhia txog kev hloov pauv los ntawm cov qauv siv niaj hnub mus rau cov kev daws teeb meem fiber ntau, uas tau tsav los ntawm kev xav tau ntau dua bandwidth, kev ntseeg tau, thiab kev npaj rau yav tom ntej.
Kev xaiv ntawm Fiber Optic Box thiab Modem
Tej yam uas yuav tsum tau xav txog: Ceev, tus neeg muab kev pab, thiab kev sib raug zoo
Xaiv lub cuab yeej zoo rau kev sib txuas hauv internet yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo soj ntsuam ntawm ntau yam. Kev nrawm yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb rau cov neeg siv feem ntau. Fiber-based systems xa ntau bandwidth ntau dua li cable lossis DSL lwm txoj kev. Piv txwv li, fiber ntau tes hauj lwm tuaj yeem muab cov dej ntws tawm mus txog 40 Gb / s sib koom ntawm cov neeg siv, thaum lub tshuab cable siv DOCSIS 3.1 feem ntau ncav cuag 1 Gb / s. Latency kuj txawv heev. Fiber sib txuas feem ntau tuav latency qis dua 1.5 milliseconds, txawm nyob deb deb. Cable systems, ntawm qhov tod tes, tej zaum yuav muaj kev latency ntxiv txij li 2 mus rau 8 milliseconds vim yog cov txheej txheem faib bandwidth. Tsawg latency thiab siab dua bandwidth ua rau muaj kev paub zoo dua rau cov haujlwm xws li kev sib tham hauv video, kev ua si hauv online, thiab kev muaj tiag virtual.
Cov kws kho mob ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev xaiv cov khoom siv. Qee lub tuam txhab muab cov khoom siv rau cov neeg siv khoom, xws li modems lossis routers, tsis muaj nqi ntxiv. Cov txheej txheem tswj hwm xav kom cov neeg muab kev pabcuam kom ua tau raws li kev ua haujlwm nruj. Tsawg kawg 80% ntawm kev ntsuas ceev yuav tsum ncav cuag 80% ntawm qhov xav tau ceev, thiab 95% ntawm kev ntsuas latency yuav tsum nyob twj ywm ntawm lossis qis dua 100 milliseconds. Cov kws kho mob yuav tsum ua qhov ntsuas ceev thiab latency thaum lub sij hawm siab tshaj plaws kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam. Cov kev xav tau no pab cov neeg siv sib piv cov kev pabcuam zoo ntawm cov chaw muab kev pabcuam sib txawv.
Compatibility tseem yog lwm yam tseem ceeb. Tsis yog txhua yam khoom siv ua haujlwm seamlessly nrog txhua hom network. Media converters thiab modems ua haujlwm sib txawv. Media converters tuav cov teeb liab hloov pauv yooj yim ntawm cov teeb liab kho qhov muag thiab hluav taws xob, thaum modems ua cov kev hloov pauv thiab demodulation rau kev sib txuas lus digital. Cov neeg siv yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias lawv cov cuab yeej xaiv tau txhawb nqa cov txheej txheem thiab cov kev cuam tshuam uas xav tau los ntawm lawv qhov chaw ib puag ncig.
| Qhov xwm txheej | Fiber-based Systems | Cable / DSL Systems |
|---|---|---|
| Max Bandwidth | Mus txog 40 Gb / s (sib koom) | Mus txog 1 Gb / s (DOCSIS 3.1) |
| Hom Latency | <1.5 ms | 2-8 ms |
| Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho mob | Feem ntau muab ONT / Router | Feem ntau muab khoom siv Modem/Router |
| Kev sib haum xeeb | Xav tau cov khoom siv fiber ntau | Yuav tsum tau cable / DSL modem |
Tswv yim: Nco ntsoov paub meej tias cov cuab yeej siv tau nrog koj tus neeg muab kev pabcuam hauv internet ua ntej yuav khoom.
A fiber optic lub thawvtswj cov ntaub ntawv teeb pom kev zoo nrog qis qis qis dua li modems, raws li qhia hauv qab no:
| Cheebtsam | Failure Rate (Txhua xyoo) |
|---|---|
| Fiber Optic Cable | 0.1% ib mais |
| Optical Txais | 1% |
| Optical Transmitters | 1.5-3% yog ' |
| Teem Sab saum toj Terminals / Modems | 7% |
Cov neeg siv feem ntau tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev ceev, kev cia siab, thiab kev tsim pov thawj yav tom ntej ntawm afiber optic lub thawv.
Los ntawm: Eric
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Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Plaub Hlis-08-2025